In 2025, the world’s cleanest countries are not just global leaders in environmental health—they are also innovators in climate policy, renewable energy, and sustainable development. These nations have earned top rankings through rigorous assessment by the Environmental Performance Index (EPI) and the Climate Change Performance Index (CCPI), which together provide the most authoritative and data-driven evaluations of national environmental performance.

The EPI, developed by Yale and Columbia Universities, uses 58 indicators across 11 categories—ranging from air and water quality to biodiversity and climate policy—to rank 180 countries on how well they meet sustainability targets. The CCPI, meanwhile, evaluates 63 countries and the EU, covering over 90% of global greenhouse gas emissions, and assesses performance in GHG emissions, renewable energy, energy use, and climate policy.

These indices are vital tools for policymakers, businesses, and communities, offering a granular view of each country’s strengths and weaknesses, helping to set targets, track trends, and identify best practices for a sustainable future. High-ranking countries benefit from advanced regulatory frameworks, greener infrastructure, and new market opportunities for sustainable technologies. Here’s a closer look at what sets each of the top 10 apart in 2025:

1. Estonia (EPI Score: 75.3)

Estonia leads the world in cleanliness and sustainability, thanks to its extensive forest cover, effective use of bioenergy, and a strong focus on natural resource management. The country has set ambitious climate goals, including a 70% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2050.

Estonia achieved an 11.3% emissions reduction in late 2024, outpacing the rest of the EU, even as its economy grew. The capital, Tallinn, has become a beacon of urban sustainability, winning the ITB Earth Award 2025 for its zero-waste Song and Dance Celebration, which drastically cut single-use plastics and promoted circular economy practices.

Estonia’s environmental policies have also led to Europe’s cleanest air and ongoing investments in wind, solar, and energy storage. However, the country faces challenges in fully phasing out fossil fuels and balancing biomass production with forest conservation.

2. Luxembourg (EPI Score: 75.0)

Luxembourg stands out as a small nation with outsized environmental achievements, earning an EPI score of 75.0 in 2024 and a 4.1-point rise over the past decade. The country leads the world in water management, boasting a near-perfect score of 90.6 in Water Resources and an astounding 99.8 in Sanitation & Drinking Water. Over 55% of Luxembourg’s land is protected, contributing to a top-tier biodiversity score of 84.8.

The nation’s capital has pioneered green investments, while advanced wastewater treatment and strict EU-aligned standards keep pollution low. While Luxembourg excels in ecosystem vitality and heavy metal pollution control, it continues to work on reducing per capita greenhouse gas emissions and curbing tree cover loss.

3. Germany (EPI Score: 74.6)

Germany ranks third globally with an EPI score of 74.6 in 2024, marking a 4.4-point improvement over ten years. The country treats 100% of its urban wastewater, achieving a high 89.1 in Water Resources, and protects a significant share of its land and seas, reflected in its 82.4 Biodiversity & Habitat score.

Germany’s robust environmental policies are complemented by massive investments in green infrastructure and renewable energy. The nation’s cities are recognized for clean air, efficient public transport, and progressive urban planning. Germany’s approach demonstrates that sustainability can go hand in hand with industrial progress, though ongoing industrial emissions remain a challenge.

4. Finland (EPI Score: 73.7)

Finland secures the fourth spot with a 2024 EPI score of 73.7, though this reflects a slight decrease from its 2014 score. The country is a global leader in public health, scoring a perfect 100.0 in both Sanitation & Drinking Water and Heavy Metals. Finland’s well-managed forests, protected natural areas, and clean air contribute to its strong ecosystem vitality.

The nation’s deep cultural connection to nature is evident in its policies, which seamlessly integrate sustainability into daily life. Finland’s challenge lies in maintaining its high standards amid growing urbanization and climate pressures.

5. United Kingdom (EPI Score: 72.7)

The United Kingdom earns an EPI score of 72.7 in 2024, up by 2.1 points over the past decade. The UK has made significant progress in reducing carbon emissions, largely through aggressive wind energy deployment and expanded recycling programs. Urban green spaces and biodiversity conservation have improved city livability and environmental health.

The UK continues to update its climate policies to meet international targets, but faces ongoing challenges with air quality in some metropolitan areas and the need for further emissions reductions.

6. Sweden (EPI Score: 70.5)

Sweden ranks sixth with a 2024 EPI score of 70.5, showing a modest 1.6-point increase over ten years. The country’s energy mix is dominated by hydropower and wind, and it is a pioneer in negative emissions technologies.

Sweden’s cities are models of sustainable urban development, and the nation’s commitment to clean air, water, and biodiversity is unwavering. However, Sweden faces pressure to further reduce emissions from transportation and industry to meet its ambitious climate goals.

7. Norway (EPI Score: 70.0)

Norway holds the seventh position with a 2024 EPI score of 70.0, up 3.6 points over the last decade. The country boasts nearly universal access to clean drinking water and sanitation, and its electricity is almost entirely supplied by hydropower.

Norway’s proactive climate policies and investments in electric mobility and carbon capture have resulted in some of the world’s lowest per capita emissions. The country’s challenge is balancing oil and gas exports with its climate commitments.

8. Austria (EPI Score: 69.0)

Austria scores 69.0 on the 2024 EPI, reflecting a slight decrease of 0.3 points over ten years. The country excels in maintaining clean cities and countryside through strict agricultural and chemical regulations. Austria’s public transport system and urban planning support eco-living, while strong environmental laws ensure high water quality and effective waste management.

Austria’s challenge is to address areas of stagnation and reinvigorate progress on climate adaptation and emissions reduction.

9. Switzerland (EPI Score: 68.0)

Switzerland earns a 2024 EPI score of 68.0, up 1.8 points over the last decade. The country is renowned for its pristine landscapes, robust waste management, and advanced water treatment systems.

Switzerland’s environmental protection laws and public engagement in sustainability initiatives help maintain high living standards and ecological health. However, Switzerland must continue to innovate in renewable energy and reduce its ecological footprint to stay ahead.

10. Denmark (EPI Score: 67.9)

Denmark rounds out the top ten with an EPI score of 67.9 in 2024, a 1.7-point increase over ten years. The nation is a global leader in wind energy and urban planning that prioritizes cycling and green spaces. Denmark’s comprehensive recycling policies and low pollution levels make it a model for clean living. 

The country’s ongoing challenge is to further cut emissions from agriculture and transportation while maintaining economic growth.

How Are These Rankings Determined?

Environmental Performance Index (EPI):

• Uses 58 indicators across 11 categories, including air quality, water and sanitation, biodiversity, habitat protection, and climate policy.
• Weights environmental health (40%) and ecosystem vitality (60%) to reflect both immediate human well-being and long-term sustainability.
• Draws data from the WHO, UN, and other global agencies, providing a scorecard for each country and highlighting leaders and laggards.

Climate Change Performance Index (CCPI):

• Assesses four main categories: GHG emissions (40%), renewable energy (20%), energy use (20%), and climate policy (20%).
• Uses 14 indicators, combining quantitative data (from IEA, FAO, UNFCCC) and qualitative expert assessments of national and international climate policy.
• Covers 63 countries and the EU, representing over 90% of global GHG emissions.

These indices are not just academic—they guide policy, inform investment, and help countries benchmark progress toward sustainability goals. High-ranking countries typically have strong regulatory frameworks, transparent governance, and engaged civil societies, making them attractive for sustainable business and investment.

Why Does This Matter?

• Policy Guidance: Countries use EPI and CCPI data to set targets, track trends, and refine environmental policies.
• Business and Investment: High scores signal a favorable environment for green investment and sustainable business operations.
• Public Health: Clean air, water, and effective waste management directly improve quality of life and reduce healthcare costs.
• Global Leadership: These nations serve as models for others striving to balance economic growth with environmental stewardship.

Summary point

As environmental challenges grow increasingly urgent worldwide, the achievements of these top 10 cleanest countries in 2025 offer both inspiration and a practical roadmap for sustainable development. Their success demonstrates that with visionary leadership, innovative technologies, and committed public participation, it is possible to safeguard natural resources, improve public health, and foster economic growth simultaneously.

By learning from their policies and practices, other nations can accelerate their own journeys toward a cleaner, greener, and more resilient future—ensuring a healthier planet for generations to come

The UAE has launched a groundbreaking step in aviation innovation with the first-ever trial of autonomous baggage handling vehicles at Dubai World Central – Al Maktoum International Airport (DWC). This pioneering project, a collaboration between the General Civil Aviation Authority (GCAA), Dubai Airports, and dnata, aims to transform airport ground operations by deploying a fleet of self-driving baggage tractors in real-time airside environments.

Operating under a newly established regulatory framework crafted specifically for this trial, these autonomous vehicles will navigate the busy, complex domain of ground handling, a critical yet traditionally labor-intensive area of airport logistics. This initiative marks not only a technical advancement but also sets a regulatory precedent in the UAE’s aviation sector, balancing innovation with uncompromised safety standards.

Saif Mohammed Al Suwaidi, Director General of the GCAA, highlighted the trial as a "key milestone for aviation in the UAE," aligned with the nation's ambition to foster a globally competitive, innovation-driven economy. He emphasized the regulator’s role as an enabler, fostering an environment where cutting-edge technology can thrive safely. Echoing this, Eng.

 Aqeel Al Zarouni, Assistant Director General of Aviation Safety Affairs at the GCAA, described the project as a blueprint for future airside operations, driven by a robust and forward-looking regulatory approach to seamlessly integrate innovation and safety.

Dubai Airports is fully backing the venture, with Omar Binadai, Chief Technology & Infrastructure Officer, noting that DWC serves as a unique platform to pilot next-generation solutions that enhance operational excellence and passenger experience. The autonomous baggage tractors trial directly supports DWC’s future vision as a major global aviation hub, with projected capacity to handle 260 million passengers annually.

For dnata, this milestone underlines a commitment to smarter, safer airport services. Jaffar Dawood, Divisional Senior Vice President for UAE Airport Operations at dnata, acknowledged the introduction of autonomous vehicles into live baggage handling as a significant leap forward, promising enhancements in safety, efficiency, and service quality.

The vehicles, electric tractors powered by driverless technology, will tow multiple baggage containers at regulated speeds, freeing staff to focus on higher-value tasks and improving turnaround times.

The trial is part of a broader strategic collaboration between dnata and the GCAA aimed at modernising airport ground handling through advanced technology. Insights gained from this initiative at DWC are expected to guide the future deployment of autonomous systems across UAE airports, solidifying the country’s leadership in smart aviation infrastructure and operational innovation.

This advance places the UAE at the forefront of smart mobility in aviation, embracing automation not just as a concept but as an operational reality shaping the future of airport logistics.

Qatar Aeronautical Academy (QAA) and Qatar Airways have formalized a significant cooperation agreement, signed during the Paris International Air Show in France, aimed at advancing aviation training and professional development in Qatar. The agreement, accredited by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), was signed by QAA’s Director-General, HE Sheikh Jabor bin Hamad Al-Thani, and Qatar Airways Group CEO, Eng. Badr Mohammed Al Meer.

Under this partnership, QAA is set to train approximately 750 students over the next five years, opening new avenues for collaboration, knowledge exchange, and the development of national talent in the aviation sector. The initiative is designed to provide outstanding opportunities for young individuals aspiring to join the aviation field, aligning with Qatar’s broader goals for workforce development and the Qatar National Vision 2030.

QAA, established in 1977, is recognized as the Gulf region’s leading provider of aviation training, offering accredited programs for pilots, aircraft maintenance engineers, air traffic controllers, meteorologists, and other aviation professionals. The Academy’s mission is to produce highly qualified cadres by employing the latest training systems and maintaining strong ties with both regional and international institutions. This ensures that students are prepared according to the highest international standards.

Qatar Airways, which has recently been recognized as the World’s Best Airline by Skytrax, views this agreement as a reflection of its ongoing commitment to nurturing the next generation of aviation professionals. The airline is investing in future operations by partnering with leading institutions and supporting young talent to obtain the necessary training and opportunities to succeed in the industry.

Senior Vice President of Operations at Qatar Airways, Captain Khalid Issa Al Hammadi, emphasized that this collaboration supports innovation, knowledge sharing, and long-term career growth in the advanced aviation sector.

The agreement also complements Qatar Airways’ broader strategy of forming global partnerships and investing in state-of-the-art technologies and training programs, as evidenced by its other recent initiatives announced at the Paris Air Show. These include multi-crew pilot license training programs and partnerships with international training providers, further reinforcing Qatar’s ambition to become a global center of excellence in aviation.

Additionally, QAA is undergoing a major facilities upgrade, with a $45 million project slated for completion by late 2027, ensuring that the Academy remains at the forefront of aviation education and training infrastructure in the Middle East. This cooperation agreement not only enhances the educational and professional landscape for aviation in Qatar but also supports the sustainable growth and global competitiveness of the country’s aviation industry.

Qatar Airways has signed a landmark strategic agreement with Barzan Holdings and Satys Aerospace to establish a state-of-the-art widebody aircraft painting facility at Dukhan Air Base, marking a major advancement in the region's aviation infrastructure.

The agreement, announced by Qatar Airways, is part of a long-term collaboration aimed at strengthening Qatar’s aviation ecosystem through capability building, technology transfer, and innovation. The new facility will be the first of its kind in the region to utilize next-generation digital aircraft painting technologies, positioning Qatar as a regional hub for specialized aviation services.

Set to support commercial, VIP, and military aircraft, the project includes two widebody paint bays and a multipurpose hangar capable of handling light maintenance tasks. The facility is designed to reduce aircraft downtime by eliminating the need for overseas ferrying for repainting or livery changes and will cater to airline operators across the Middle East and the Indian subcontinent.

Featuring cutting-edge digital systems and future-ready robotic painting technologies, the facility will implement environmentally sustainable practices, including energy-efficient paint booths and advanced waste management solutions. It will also support dual-use operations in both civil and defense aviation, in alignment with Qatar’s strategy to localize high-value services and nurture local aerospace expertise.

“This partnership delivers strategic aviation infrastructure that serves both our national and regional ambitions,” said Eng. Badr Mohammed Al Meer, Group CEO of Qatar Airways. “Together with Barzan Holdings and Satys, we are building capabilities that define the future of Qatar’s aerospace sector and empower local talent.”

Eng. Mohammed Bader Al Sadah, CEO of Barzan Holdings, added: “This agreement strengthens our commitment to Qatar’s defence and aerospace capabilities. The facility will establish Qatar as a centre of excellence in the region, advancing local industry and supporting the goals of Qatar National Vision 2030.”

Christophe Cador, CEO of Satys Aerospace, emphasized the company’s dedication to the project, stating: “Since our partnership began in 2021, we have remained committed to delivering top-tier services in quality, innovation, and turnaround time.”

The new painting facility is expected to play a pivotal role in elevating Qatar’s status as a global leader in aviation services and technology.

Hamad International Airport (HIA) in Doha has implemented a major upgrade to its e-gate system, now allowing children to use this advanced, automated immigration technology, significantly improving the travel experience for families.

According to Captain Ali Ahmed Al-Kuwari of the Airport Passports Department, children aged seven and above and measuring between 120 and 130 centimeters in height are eligible to use the e-gates, provided their passport or Qatar ID contains a clear, system-registered photo for facial recognition.

This move is part of HIA’s broader strategy to create a smart, secure, and family-friendly travel environment, reflecting Qatar’s commitment to world-class passenger service and technological innovation.

The e-gates, located in both departures and arrivals, utilize state-of-the-art biometric technology, including iris scanning, ten-print fingerprinting, and facial recognition, enabling a fully automated process that eliminates the need for manual checks and dramatically reduces waiting times. The system is contactless, enhancing hygiene and convenience, and is especially beneficial for frequent travelers and families who can now bypass traditional immigration queues.

For young travelers, only the second-row e-gates are operational, and airport staff are present to assist families, ensuring a smooth and safe process. Parents or legal guardians must secure travel authorization for their children via the Metrash mobile application before travel, ensuring compliance with legal requirements and seamless processing at the e-gate.

Officials recommend that children pass through the e-gate first, followed by their parents, to maintain an orderly and safe flow, particularly during busy travel periods.

The introduction of e-gate access for children is a strategic step in Qatar’s vision to become a global leader in smart travel and digital transformation. HIA, recognized as the World’s Best Airport in 2024, continues to set new standards in passenger convenience and efficiency, with the e-gate system standing out as a key innovation that supports faster, safer, and more efficient border control.

If any biometric scan fails, airport staff are readily available to assist, and travelers can be directed to manual immigration if necessary, ensuring that the process remains smooth for all passengers.

This initiative not only streamlines the immigration process but also underscores HIA’s dedication to leveraging technology for a superior travel experience, making it easier and more enjoyable for families to travel through one of the world’s leading airports.

Qatar Airways is preparing for a prominent appearance at the 55th Paris Air Show, which will take place from June 16 to 22, 2025, at the Parc des Expositions de Paris-Le Bourget, the world’s largest aerospace event. The airline will join 2,500 exhibitors from 48 countries, with more than 150 aircraft on display and 3,000 attendees expected, underscoring the global significance of the show.

One of the headline attractions from Qatar Airways is the UEFA Champions League livery Boeing 777, specially dedicated to Paris Saint-Germain’s triumphant return as European champions. This aircraft not only celebrates the airline’s partnership with PSG but also highlights its commitment to sports and global connectivity.

In a major industry milestone, Qatar Executive—the airline’s private jet charter division—will present the Gulfstream G700, marking the first time this ultra-long-haul, fuel-efficient jet is operated in commercial aviation. The G700 is renowned for its exceptionally spacious cabin and advanced technology, reflecting Qatar Airways’ focus on luxury and innovation in private air travel.

Qatar Airways will also unveil the Qsuite Next Gen, the latest version of its award-winning business class product. Show attendees will be able to step inside the reimagined Qsuite and experience a variety of customisation options designed to offer a highly personalised and premium journey.

A highlight of the airline’s digital innovation is Sama, the world’s first AI-powered cabin crew, now enhanced to communicate in French, English, and Arabic. Sama will be available via WhatsApp, providing real-time, multilingual support for flight bookings, destination recommendations, and general passenger inquiries. This expansion is expected to connect with millions of French-speaking travelers and streamline customer interactions across key markets.

Visitors can further immerse themselves in the Qatar Airways experience at the specially designed L’Univers Qatar Airways Pavilion, located in front of Gate 0 near Hall 5. The pavilion features interactive exhibits, the latest Economy Class and Diptyque Business Class amenity kits, bespoke dining ware, and a celebration of PSG’s iconic victories. Guests can unlock exclusive gifts by scanning codes at key touchpoints, deepening their engagement with the airline’s offerings.

Qatar Airways Group Chief Executive Officer, Engr. Badr Mohammed Al-Meer, emphasized the airline’s dedication to innovation and diversity, noting that the Paris Air Show provides a unique opportunity to connect with the global aviation community and showcase products that define the Qatar Airways passenger experience.

The airline’s presence at the Paris Air Show comes on the heels of a record-breaking financial year, with Qatar Airways Group reporting its strongest profits to date—QAR 7.85 billion (US$2.15 billion) for the 2024/25 fiscal year, reflecting its robust growth and leadership in the aviation sector.

With several new offerings yet to be revealed, Qatar Airways’ participation at the Paris Air Show is expected to set new benchmarks in passenger experience, digital innovation, and luxury travel, reinforcing its position as a global aviation leader