In 2025, the world’s cleanest countries are not just global leaders in environmental health—they are also innovators in climate policy, renewable energy, and sustainable development. These nations have earned top rankings through rigorous assessment by the Environmental Performance Index (EPI) and the Climate Change Performance Index (CCPI), which together provide the most authoritative and data-driven evaluations of national environmental performance.

The EPI, developed by Yale and Columbia Universities, uses 58 indicators across 11 categories—ranging from air and water quality to biodiversity and climate policy—to rank 180 countries on how well they meet sustainability targets. The CCPI, meanwhile, evaluates 63 countries and the EU, covering over 90% of global greenhouse gas emissions, and assesses performance in GHG emissions, renewable energy, energy use, and climate policy.

These indices are vital tools for policymakers, businesses, and communities, offering a granular view of each country’s strengths and weaknesses, helping to set targets, track trends, and identify best practices for a sustainable future. High-ranking countries benefit from advanced regulatory frameworks, greener infrastructure, and new market opportunities for sustainable technologies. Here’s a closer look at what sets each of the top 10 apart in 2025:

1. Estonia (EPI Score: 75.3)

Estonia leads the world in cleanliness and sustainability, thanks to its extensive forest cover, effective use of bioenergy, and a strong focus on natural resource management. The country has set ambitious climate goals, including a 70% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2050.

Estonia achieved an 11.3% emissions reduction in late 2024, outpacing the rest of the EU, even as its economy grew. The capital, Tallinn, has become a beacon of urban sustainability, winning the ITB Earth Award 2025 for its zero-waste Song and Dance Celebration, which drastically cut single-use plastics and promoted circular economy practices.

Estonia’s environmental policies have also led to Europe’s cleanest air and ongoing investments in wind, solar, and energy storage. However, the country faces challenges in fully phasing out fossil fuels and balancing biomass production with forest conservation.

2. Luxembourg (EPI Score: 75.0)

Luxembourg stands out as a small nation with outsized environmental achievements, earning an EPI score of 75.0 in 2024 and a 4.1-point rise over the past decade. The country leads the world in water management, boasting a near-perfect score of 90.6 in Water Resources and an astounding 99.8 in Sanitation & Drinking Water. Over 55% of Luxembourg’s land is protected, contributing to a top-tier biodiversity score of 84.8.

The nation’s capital has pioneered green investments, while advanced wastewater treatment and strict EU-aligned standards keep pollution low. While Luxembourg excels in ecosystem vitality and heavy metal pollution control, it continues to work on reducing per capita greenhouse gas emissions and curbing tree cover loss.

3. Germany (EPI Score: 74.6)

Germany ranks third globally with an EPI score of 74.6 in 2024, marking a 4.4-point improvement over ten years. The country treats 100% of its urban wastewater, achieving a high 89.1 in Water Resources, and protects a significant share of its land and seas, reflected in its 82.4 Biodiversity & Habitat score.

Germany’s robust environmental policies are complemented by massive investments in green infrastructure and renewable energy. The nation’s cities are recognized for clean air, efficient public transport, and progressive urban planning. Germany’s approach demonstrates that sustainability can go hand in hand with industrial progress, though ongoing industrial emissions remain a challenge.

4. Finland (EPI Score: 73.7)

Finland secures the fourth spot with a 2024 EPI score of 73.7, though this reflects a slight decrease from its 2014 score. The country is a global leader in public health, scoring a perfect 100.0 in both Sanitation & Drinking Water and Heavy Metals. Finland’s well-managed forests, protected natural areas, and clean air contribute to its strong ecosystem vitality.

The nation’s deep cultural connection to nature is evident in its policies, which seamlessly integrate sustainability into daily life. Finland’s challenge lies in maintaining its high standards amid growing urbanization and climate pressures.

5. United Kingdom (EPI Score: 72.7)

The United Kingdom earns an EPI score of 72.7 in 2024, up by 2.1 points over the past decade. The UK has made significant progress in reducing carbon emissions, largely through aggressive wind energy deployment and expanded recycling programs. Urban green spaces and biodiversity conservation have improved city livability and environmental health.

The UK continues to update its climate policies to meet international targets, but faces ongoing challenges with air quality in some metropolitan areas and the need for further emissions reductions.

6. Sweden (EPI Score: 70.5)

Sweden ranks sixth with a 2024 EPI score of 70.5, showing a modest 1.6-point increase over ten years. The country’s energy mix is dominated by hydropower and wind, and it is a pioneer in negative emissions technologies.

Sweden’s cities are models of sustainable urban development, and the nation’s commitment to clean air, water, and biodiversity is unwavering. However, Sweden faces pressure to further reduce emissions from transportation and industry to meet its ambitious climate goals.

7. Norway (EPI Score: 70.0)

Norway holds the seventh position with a 2024 EPI score of 70.0, up 3.6 points over the last decade. The country boasts nearly universal access to clean drinking water and sanitation, and its electricity is almost entirely supplied by hydropower.

Norway’s proactive climate policies and investments in electric mobility and carbon capture have resulted in some of the world’s lowest per capita emissions. The country’s challenge is balancing oil and gas exports with its climate commitments.

8. Austria (EPI Score: 69.0)

Austria scores 69.0 on the 2024 EPI, reflecting a slight decrease of 0.3 points over ten years. The country excels in maintaining clean cities and countryside through strict agricultural and chemical regulations. Austria’s public transport system and urban planning support eco-living, while strong environmental laws ensure high water quality and effective waste management.

Austria’s challenge is to address areas of stagnation and reinvigorate progress on climate adaptation and emissions reduction.

9. Switzerland (EPI Score: 68.0)

Switzerland earns a 2024 EPI score of 68.0, up 1.8 points over the last decade. The country is renowned for its pristine landscapes, robust waste management, and advanced water treatment systems.

Switzerland’s environmental protection laws and public engagement in sustainability initiatives help maintain high living standards and ecological health. However, Switzerland must continue to innovate in renewable energy and reduce its ecological footprint to stay ahead.

10. Denmark (EPI Score: 67.9)

Denmark rounds out the top ten with an EPI score of 67.9 in 2024, a 1.7-point increase over ten years. The nation is a global leader in wind energy and urban planning that prioritizes cycling and green spaces. Denmark’s comprehensive recycling policies and low pollution levels make it a model for clean living. 

The country’s ongoing challenge is to further cut emissions from agriculture and transportation while maintaining economic growth.

How Are These Rankings Determined?

Environmental Performance Index (EPI):

• Uses 58 indicators across 11 categories, including air quality, water and sanitation, biodiversity, habitat protection, and climate policy.
• Weights environmental health (40%) and ecosystem vitality (60%) to reflect both immediate human well-being and long-term sustainability.
• Draws data from the WHO, UN, and other global agencies, providing a scorecard for each country and highlighting leaders and laggards.

Climate Change Performance Index (CCPI):

• Assesses four main categories: GHG emissions (40%), renewable energy (20%), energy use (20%), and climate policy (20%).
• Uses 14 indicators, combining quantitative data (from IEA, FAO, UNFCCC) and qualitative expert assessments of national and international climate policy.
• Covers 63 countries and the EU, representing over 90% of global GHG emissions.

These indices are not just academic—they guide policy, inform investment, and help countries benchmark progress toward sustainability goals. High-ranking countries typically have strong regulatory frameworks, transparent governance, and engaged civil societies, making them attractive for sustainable business and investment.

Why Does This Matter?

• Policy Guidance: Countries use EPI and CCPI data to set targets, track trends, and refine environmental policies.
• Business and Investment: High scores signal a favorable environment for green investment and sustainable business operations.
• Public Health: Clean air, water, and effective waste management directly improve quality of life and reduce healthcare costs.
• Global Leadership: These nations serve as models for others striving to balance economic growth with environmental stewardship.

Summary point

As environmental challenges grow increasingly urgent worldwide, the achievements of these top 10 cleanest countries in 2025 offer both inspiration and a practical roadmap for sustainable development. Their success demonstrates that with visionary leadership, innovative technologies, and committed public participation, it is possible to safeguard natural resources, improve public health, and foster economic growth simultaneously.

By learning from their policies and practices, other nations can accelerate their own journeys toward a cleaner, greener, and more resilient future—ensuring a healthier planet for generations to come

Sydney Airport’s Terminal 3 is undergoing a transformation set to redefine the domestic travel dining experience, with a slate of acclaimed Sydney eateries opening their first airport outposts from late 2025. Following the popular debut of Luke’s Bistro & Bar by chef Luke Mangan in 2023, the Qantas and QantasLink home terminal is poised to become a culinary destination in its own right, welcoming Maggio’s, Loulou, and Slim’s Quality Burgers as headline arrivals in its food and retail upgrade.

This is all part of a large-scale redevelopment aiming to turn T3 into a vibrant, modern hub “that better reflects the tastes of today’s travellers,” according to Mark Zaouk, Group Executive Commercial at Sydney Airport. “T3 Domestic is not just a terminal,” Zaouk explains, “It’s a gateway for millions of passengers to Australia’s vibrant domestic travel market, and we’re transforming the dining and specialty retail areas by securing iconic brands that reflect the premium offering T3 is known for”.

Among the eagerly anticipated arrivals is Maggio’s, a storied Italian pasticceria and café that’s been a staple of Sydney’s lower north shore since 1998. The Maggio brothers’ Cammeray flagship regularly sees queues for their signature poached eggs in fresh tomato and basil sauce, chilli scrambled eggs with grilled broccolini and feta, rustic pizzas, homemade lasagna and panini, and an indulgent range of Italian pastries such as cannoli and ricotta cheesecake. For the first time, these crowd-pleasing favorites will be available to travelers within an airport setting.

Joining the lineup is Loulou, another lower north shore darling known for French-inspired fare, from buttery croissants to baguette sandwiches, pâtés, and gourmet retail treats. After expanding beyond its roots at Milson’s Point, Loulou will bring its bistro and boulangerie flair to the T3 concourse, offering travelers a new taste of elevated French cuisine on the move.

Rounding out this first trio is Slim’s Quality Burgers, beloved for its nostalgic blend of American-style beef and chicken burgers, loaded bacon fries, crispy chicken tenders, and decadent thick shakes and sundaes. Slim’s “fast casual” concept is designed for hungry travelers seeking a satisfying yet speedy meal before their flight.

These three openings are only the start. The first phase will see up to 14 new food and beverage venues spanning casual eateries, standout bistros, grab-and-go outlets, and more open progressively from late 2025, all timed to align with the peak summer travel period. The terminal’s overhaul extends beyond cuisine, with a fresh modern look, enhanced wayfinding to ease passenger movement, and the introduction of environmentally friendly furniture and more greenery to foster a relaxing preflight environment.

Sydney Airport’s bold bet: that world-class dining can be part of the journey not just the destination.

Dubai is swiftly cementing its position as a premier global tourism hub, welcoming over 9.88 million international visitors in the first half of 2025—a 6 percent rise from the same period last year. This robust growth underscores the city’s ongoing appeal and strategic vision to rank among the top three global tourism destinations, as articulated in the Dubai Economic Agenda D33.

Sheikh Hamdan bin Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, Crown Prince of Dubai, Deputy Prime Minister, and Minister of Defence, attributed this success to the forward-looking vision of His Highness Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, Vice President, Prime Minister, and Ruler of Dubai. Sheikh Hamdan emphasized the role of strong public-private partnerships and an effective global marketing strategy in propelling Dubai’s tourism sector forward. “A warm welcome to all our visitors, from the heart of the world — Dubai,” he wrote on X.

Building on a record-breaking 18.72 million international overnight visitors in 2024—which marked a 9 percent year-on-year increase surpassing the previous 17.15 million in 2023—Dubai’s tourism pulse remains exceptionally vibrant. The city’s world-class infrastructure, strategic crossroads location bridging East and West, and seamless global connectivity continue to attract a diverse array of tourists.

Hotel occupancy rates reflect this booming sector, standing at over 80 percent, complemented by strong performances in average daily rates and revenues per available room. This thriving hospitality scene, alongside a dynamic calendar of business, leisure, cultural, and retail events, fortifies Dubai’s reputation as a preferred destination for travelers worldwide.

In essence, Dubai’s first half of 2025 tourism figures highlight not only the city’s resilience but also its bold ambition to be a crown jewel on the global travel map, welcoming millions with unmatched hospitality and unforgettable experiences.

flynas, the world’s leading low-cost airline and the top low-cost carrier in the Middle East, has taken a pioneering step in family-friendly travel by launching a dedicated check-in counter exclusively for children and their families. This initiative, the first of its kind in Saudi Arabia, is aimed at creating a fun, stress-free, and engaging travel experience for young passengers alongside their loved ones, reaffirming flynas’s commitment to inclusivity across all traveler segments.

Unveiled under the slogan “Make Them the Stars of the Journey,” the initial phase of this special check-in facility is now open at King Khalid International Airport in Riyadh’s domestic terminal. The area is thoughtfully designed with children in mind, featuring a custom-built, child-height counter adorned with colorful branding and visuals of flynas’s playful Fernas mascot.

The space includes branded barriers with lively illustrations and welcoming signage crafted to attract and delight children. flynas staff stationed here are specially trained to offer warm, playful interactions and personalized services tailored to family needs. Adding to the excitement, children receive uniquely designed boarding passes that reflect their special treatment.

This family-centric service launch is part of flynas’s broader growth and inclusivity agenda, aligned with Saudi Arabia’s National Civil Aviation Strategy and Vision 2030. It supports the Kingdom’s ambitious goals of connecting to 250 international destinations, accommodating 330 million passengers, and attracting 150 million tourists annually by 2030. The initiative also complements the Pilgrims Experience Program (PEP), facilitating easier access to the Two Holy Mosques for pilgrims.

Currently, flynas operates 139 routes to more than 70 domestic and international destinations across 30 countries, with over 2,000 weekly flights. Since its inception in 2007, the airline has transported over 80 million passengers and aims to expand to 165 destinations as part of its ongoing growth plan. Travelers can book flights via the flynas website, mobile app, call center, or travel agencies.

By creating this dedicated, child-friendly check-in experience, flynas not only sets a new standard for low-cost airlines in family travel service but also enhances the comfort and joy of flying for its youngest customers and their families.

Air Arabia, the leading low-cost carrier in the Middle East and North Africa, is set to strengthen its connectivity between the UAE and Thailand with the launch of a third daily flight to Bangkok. Starting October 26, 2025, travelers will enjoy more flexible and convenient options as the airline adds an additional daily service between Sharjah International Airport and Suvarnabhumi International Airport in Bangkok.

This expansion to three daily flights highlights Air Arabia’s commitment to meeting growing passenger demand and enhancing travel experiences on this popular route. Adel Al Ali, Group CEO of Air Arabia, emphasized that the move not only caters to customers’ travel needs but also supports the growth of trade and tourism ties between the UAE and Thailand.

The new schedule offers a mix of morning, afternoon, and late-night departures to provide travelers with greater choice and convenience. On the ground, Air Arabia’s modern fleet of 83 Airbus A320 and A321 neo-LR aircraft ensures efficient and comfortable flights. Passengers benefit from spacious seating, in-flight entertainment via the complimentary 'SkyTime' streaming service, and the ‘SkyCafe’ menu of onboard meals. Additionally, the airline’s ‘Air Rewards’ loyalty program offers some of the most generous benefits in the region.

Bangkok, a vibrant destination renowned for its rich culture and bustling urban life, remains a favorite among UAE residents for both leisure and business. The added flight capacity is expected to boost tourism and economic engagement between the two regions further.

Customers can now book the newly expanded flights through Air Arabia’s website, call center, or travel agencies, making it easier than ever to explore this dynamic gateway to Southeast Asia.

Flight schedule effective October 26, 2025 (all times local):

• G9 816: Sharjah 07:40 → Bangkok 16:55 (daily)
• G9 817: Bangkok 17:55 → Sharjah 21:55 (daily)
• G9 821: Sharjah 21:55 → Bangkok 07:10 (daily)
• G9 822: Bangkok 08:00 → Sharjah 12:00 (daily)
• G9 823: Sharjah 01:15 → Bangkok 10:30 (daily)
• G9 824: Bangkok 11:30 → Sharjah 15:30 (daily) 

This strategic increase in flight frequency solidifies Air Arabia's role as a key player in enhancing UAE-Thailand connectivity, offering affordable, reliable, and customer-focused air travel in the region.

Etihad Airways has taken a dramatic leap in redefining short and medium-haul air travel, launching the first commercial flight of its all-new Airbus A321LR. Departing from Zayed International Airport to Phuket, this debut flight marks a milestone: widebody luxury is now available on a single-aisle aircraft, and the inaugural journey sold out across First, Business, and Economy classes.

The new A321LR brings Etihad’s famed premium experience previously reserved for its largest aircraft to a next-generation single-aisle jet. This sets a new benchmark for travelers seeking exclusivity typically found only on long-haul routes.

Arik De, Chief Revenue and Commercial Officer at Etihad Airways, described the A321LR as “our ambition to deliver extraordinary experiences on every route we serve. It allows us to bring the sophistication of our widebody cabins, including our renowned First experience, to more destinations, and to more travellers, than ever before.”

The cabin features include:

First Suites: Two fully enclosed, private suites with sliding doors, 20-inch 4K screens, flat beds, wireless charging, Bluetooth pairing, and space for companion dining that reflect the airline’s award-winning service and attention to detail.

Business Class: Fourteen lie-flat seats in a 1-1 herringbone configuration, each equipped with a 17.3-inch 4K display, wireless charging, direct aisle access, and window views.

Economy Class: 144 ergonomically designed seats with 13.3-inch 4K touchscreen displays, USB charging, and Bluetooth headphone connectivity, ensuring premium entertainment access for all passengers.
All cabins benefit from high-speed Wi-Fi supporting video conferencing, streaming, and gaming, along with enlarged overhead bins to enhance convenience throughout the journey.

 The A321LR’s introduction marks the first of 30 such aircraft Etihad is set to add to its fleet, each configured to raise standards for regional air travel.

With this launch, Etihad continues to combine design innovation with service excellence, elevating comfort and style across every flight, no matter the distance.